[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":753},["ShallowReactive",2],{"categories-init":3,"resource-what-is-a-tech-stack":4},true,{"resource_id":5,"slug":6,"title":7,"resource_type":8,"description":9,"cover_image_url":10,"preview_image_url":11,"author":12,"published_date":13,"last_updated_date":10,"read_time_minutes":14,"is_published":3,"display_order":15,"is_featured":3,"featured_display_order":15,"linking_mode":16,"tools":18,"categories":19,"subcategories":61,"project_types":62,"experience_levels":63,"content":74,"related_resources":75,"stacks":312},32,"what-is-a-tech-stack","What Is a Tech Stack?","article","A tech stack is the combination of technologies a project is built with. Here is what that means in practice, the different types, and how tools are organized within one.",null,"https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Fresources\u002Fpreviews\u002Fwhat-is-a-tech-stack-preview.webp","tekyous","2026-07-02",5,3,[17],"explicit",[],[20,26,32,38,43,49,55],{"category_id":21,"name":22,"slug":23,"icon_url":24,"description":25},1,"Frontend Frameworks","frontend-frameworks","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fcategories\u002Ffrontend-frameworks.svg","JavaScript\u002FTypeScript frameworks for building user interfaces.",{"category_id":27,"name":28,"slug":29,"icon_url":30,"description":31},2,"Backend Frameworks","backend-frameworks","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fcategories\u002Fbackend-frameworks.svg","Server-side frameworks and APIs.",{"category_id":33,"name":34,"slug":35,"icon_url":36,"description":37},4,"Databases","databases","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fcategories\u002Fdatabases.svg","Relational, document, graph, and vector databases.",{"category_id":14,"name":39,"slug":40,"icon_url":41,"description":42},"Hosting & Cloud","hosting-cloud","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fcategories\u002Fhosting-cloud.svg","Cloud platforms, PaaS, VPS, and serverless hosting.",{"category_id":44,"name":45,"slug":46,"icon_url":47,"description":48},8,"Development Tools","development-tools","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fcategories\u002Fdevelopment-tools.svg","IDEs, editors, and AI coding assistants.",{"category_id":50,"name":51,"slug":52,"icon_url":53,"description":54},11,"APIs & Infrastructure","apis-infrastructure","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fcategories\u002Fapis-infrastructure.svg","API gateways, CDNs, and infrastructure tools.",{"category_id":56,"name":57,"slug":58,"icon_url":59,"description":60},19,"LLM","llm","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fcategories\u002Fllm.svg","Large language models and foundation model providers.",[],[],[64,69],{"experience_level":65,"display_name":66,"description":67,"icon_url":68},"non_technical","Non-Technical","No programming background. Wants to build without coding.","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fexperience-level\u002Fnon-technical.svg",{"experience_level":70,"display_name":71,"description":72,"icon_url":73},"beginner","Beginner","Some exposure to programming, learning the basics.","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fexperience-level\u002Fbeginner.svg","\"What's your tech stack?\" is one of the first questions developers ask each other. It is also one of the more ambiguous ones — depending on context, the answer might be a list of programming languages, a set of cloud services, or a description of someone's personal development environment.\n\nThe term means something real and useful. Here is what it covers.\n\n---\n\n## What is a tech stack?\n\nA tech stack is the complete set of software tools and technologies used to build and run a product or project. It includes many layers: the language the code is written in, the framework used to structure it, the database that stores data, the hosting infrastructure it runs on, and the services that handle specific functions like authentication or payments.\n\nThe term \"stack\" reflects the layered nature of modern software: technologies genuinely do stack on top of each other, with each layer depending on the ones below it.\n\n---\n\n## Tech stack types\n\nNot all tech stacks describe the same thing. Depending on who is using the term and what they are describing, \"tech stack\" can refer to different scopes entirely. Three types cover most of what developers mean.\n\n### [![Project Stack](https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fstack-types\u002Fproject.svg)](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Fstacks?stack_type=project) [Project tech stack](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Fstacks?stack_type=project)\n\nA **project tech stack** is the set of tools a specific product or system is built on. This is what most people mean when they say \"our tech stack\". It describes the full technical shape of the product: what the frontend is built with, what runs on the server, what database is behind it, how authentication works, and how the whole thing is deployed.\n\nThe project stack is what the [Tekyous stack builder](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Fbuilder) is primarily designed for (although not limited to). You can start from scratch in [Sandbox mode](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Fbuilder?mode=sandbox), or let the recommendation engine generate a starting stack based on your project type and experience level in [Questionnaire mode](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Fbuilder?mode=questionnaire).\n\n### [![Developer Stack](https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fstack-types\u002Fdeveloper.svg)](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Fstacks?stack_type=developer) [Developer tech stack](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Fstacks?stack_type=developer)\n\nA **developer tech stack** is the set of tools a developer uses in their personal workflow — the environment in which they build, regardless of what they are building. This typically includes a code editor, an AI coding assistant, version control tooling, and a CI\u002FCD setup.\n\nThe same developer might be contributing to multiple different project stacks, but their developer stack might stay the same the whole time. It is the professional toolkit they bring to every project, not the toolkit a specific project depends on.\n\n### [![Infrastructure Stack](https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fstack-types\u002Finfrastructure.svg)](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Fstacks?stack_type=infrastructure) [Infrastructure tech stack](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Fstacks?stack_type=infrastructure)\n\nAn **infrastructure tech stack** describes the tools and services used to run and operate a system — distinct from what the system is built *with*. Containers, servers, reverse proxies, and monitoring services are all infrastructure-layer concerns.\n\n---\n\n## How to differentiate stack types\n\nA clear split between types adds structure, but the separation is not always necessary or practical. A developer building a web app with Claude Code might want to include it in their stack, even though it is a developer tool rather than a direct part of the app itself. Docker can reasonably belong to all three categories at once. An LLM might sit in a developer tech stack, but can equally appear as an external API component within a project stack.\n\nThe lines are blurred by design. Tekyous labels predefined stacks by type, but users are free to build a stack that mixes all three at once.\n\n---\n\n## Other tech stack types\n\nThe three above are what Tekyous covers. In broader usage, you will also hear:\n\n- **Marketing tech stack** (or \"martech stack\") — tools a business uses for marketing: analytics platforms, email services, CRM, advertising. These sit outside the developer tooling scope.\n- **Productivity or project management stack** — tools a team uses to collaborate and manage work: task trackers, communication platforms, documentation tools.\n- **AI tech stack** — all AI tools being used within a project or organisation. Tekyous covers this partially through categories like [LLM](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fllm) and [AI Coding Agents](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fdevelopment-tools\u002Fai-coding-agents), but tools like AI video generators fall outside scope.\n- **Monitoring stack** — sometimes mentioned as its own category, but in practice this is a subset of the project or infrastructure stack. Tools for logging, tracing, and error tracking belong in the [Observability & Monitoring](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fobservability-monitoring) category.\n\nThe distinction matters on Tekyous because the tool catalogue and stack builder are scoped to technical project tooling — the tools you use to build and run software. Marketing and productivity tools are out of scope.\n\n---\n\n## Types of tools within a tech stack\n\nA project tech stack spans multiple layers, each with its own category of tools. Here is how they group:\n\n**Languages** — the programming languages the codebase is written in. The language choice shapes most of the decisions that follow. Browse [Programming Languages](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fprogramming-languages).\n\n**Frameworks and libraries** — the structured environments and reusable packages built on top of a language. This covers [frontend frameworks](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Ffrontend-frameworks) like React, Vue, or Svelte; [backend frameworks](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fbackend-frameworks) like FastAPI, Django, or Express; [data and ML libraries](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fdata-ml-libraries) like pandas or PyTorch; and [data apps](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fdata-apps) like Streamlit or Dash. [JS metaframeworks](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Ffrontend-frameworks\u002Fjs-metaframeworks) like Next.js and Nuxt also fall here.\n\n**Databases** — where data is stored and retrieved. Options range from relational databases to document stores, key-value caches, and vector databases. Browse [Databases](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fdatabases), including [Backend-as-a-Service](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fdatabases\u002Fbaas) platforms like Supabase or Firebase.\n\n**Hosting and cloud** — the infrastructure your project runs on: cloud providers, managed app hosting, and bare-metal servers. Browse [Hosting & Cloud](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fhosting-cloud).\n\n**Authentication** — the services that handle login, sessions, OAuth, and identity. Browse [Authentication](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fauthentication).\n\n**APIs and infrastructure** — payment processors, GraphQL engines, and other cross-cutting infrastructure services. Browse [APIs & Infrastructure](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fapis-infrastructure).\n\n**DevOps and CI\u002FCD** — containers, orchestration, and automated deployment pipelines. Browse [DevOps & CI\u002FCD](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fdevops-cicd).\n\n**Developer tools** — the tooling used to write, test, and manage code. This includes [IDEs & editors](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fdevelopment-tools\u002Fides-editors), [AI coding agents](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fdevelopment-tools\u002Fai-coding-agents), and [version control](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fdevelopment-tools\u002Fversion-control). Browse [Development Tools](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fdevelopment-tools).\n\n**No-code, AI builders, and automation** — tools that let you build products or connect systems without traditional coding. Browse [No-Code \u002F Low-Code](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fno-code-low-code), [AI Builders](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fai-builders), and [Automation & Integration](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fautomation-integration).\n\n**Data engineering and analytics** — tools for building data pipelines, transforming data, and visualizing results. Browse [Data Engineering & ETL](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fdata-engineering-etl) and [BI & Analytics](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fbi-analytics).\n\n**AI services** — LLM providers used for AI-powered features, from chat completions to embeddings and reasoning models. Browse [LLM](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fllm).\n\n**Observability and monitoring** — logging, monitoring, tracing, and error tracking for your running system. Browse [Observability & Monitoring](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Ftools\u002Fcategories\u002Fobservability-monitoring).\n\n---\n\nIf you want to explore how tools across these layers fit together, the [Tekyous stack builder](https:\u002F\u002Ftekyous.dev\u002Fbuilder) is built exactly for that. For a practical guide to making the actual technology decisions, see [How to Choose a Tech Stack in 2026](\u002Flearn\u002Fhow-to-choose-a-tech-stack-2026).",[76,147,178,234],{"resource_id":77,"slug":78,"title":79,"resource_type":80,"description":81,"cover_image_url":10,"preview_image_url":82,"author":12,"published_date":13,"last_updated_date":10,"read_time_minutes":15,"is_published":3,"display_order":10,"is_featured":83,"featured_display_order":10,"linking_mode":84,"tools":85,"categories":86,"subcategories":87,"project_types":88,"experience_levels":134},34,"software-project-types","Software Project Types for Tech Stack Building","guide","Project types in the Tekyous stack builder — web apps, APIs, data pipelines, ML projects, browser extensions, and more — with descriptions and direct links into the recommendation engine.","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Fresources\u002Fpreviews\u002Fproject-types-tekyous-preview.webp",false,[17],[],[],[],[89,94,99,104,109,114,119,124,129],{"project_type":90,"display_name":91,"icon_url":92,"description":93},"web_app","Web Application","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fproject-types\u002Fweb-app.svg","A browser-based web app or SaaS product. Assumes fully fledged app, with both frontend and backend.",{"project_type":95,"display_name":96,"icon_url":97,"description":98},"website","Website \u002F Landing","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fproject-types\u002Fwebsite.svg","A marketing website, blog, or portfolio. Most likely will not need a dedicated backend service and a seperate database, but might rely on a CMS instead.",{"project_type":100,"display_name":101,"icon_url":102,"description":103},"mobile_app","Mobile App","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fproject-types\u002Fmobile-app.svg","An iOS\u002FAndroid native or cross-platform app.",{"project_type":105,"display_name":106,"icon_url":107,"description":108},"api_only","API \u002F Backend","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fproject-types\u002Fapi-only.svg","A REST or GraphQL API with no frontend.",{"project_type":110,"display_name":111,"icon_url":112,"description":113},"automation","Automation \u002F Bot","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fproject-types\u002Fautomation.svg","Scripts, workflows, bots, scheduled jobs. Note: this project type covers deterministic, rule-based automations. Automations with AI agents will be introduced soon within seperate AI agents project type, with broad coverage for no-code vs code and cloud vs self-hosted options.",{"project_type":115,"display_name":116,"icon_url":117,"description":118},"data_pipeline","Data Pipeline \u002F ETL","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fproject-types\u002Fdata-pipeline.svg","Building data ingestion, transformation, or orchestration workflows.",{"project_type":120,"display_name":121,"icon_url":122,"description":123},"dashboard","Dashboard \u002F Reporting","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fproject-types\u002Fdashboard.svg","Analytics dashboards, BI reports, or embedded data visualisations.",{"project_type":125,"display_name":126,"icon_url":127,"description":128},"ml_project","ML \u002F AI Model","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fproject-types\u002Fml-project.svg","Training, evaluating, or deploying machine learning and AI models. Note: this project type covers \"traditional\" machine learning and AI models. AI agents will be introduced soon as a separate project type, with broad coverage for no-code vs code and cloud vs self-hosted options.",{"project_type":130,"display_name":131,"icon_url":132,"description":133},"browser_extension","Browser Extension","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fproject-types\u002Fbrowser-extension.svg","A browser extension or add-on targeting Chrome, Firefox, or other browsers. Uses extension-specific frameworks (Plasmo, WXT) and follows Manifest V3 architecture with content scripts, background service workers, and browser storage.",[135,136,137,142],{"experience_level":65,"display_name":66,"description":67,"icon_url":68},{"experience_level":70,"display_name":71,"description":72,"icon_url":73},{"experience_level":138,"display_name":139,"description":140,"icon_url":141},"intermediate","Intermediate","Can build projects independently, knows 1–2 languages.","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fexperience-level\u002Fintermediate.svg",{"experience_level":143,"display_name":144,"description":145,"icon_url":146},"advanced","Advanced","Experienced developer, comfortable with complex systems.","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fexperience-level\u002Fadvanced.svg",{"resource_id":148,"slug":149,"title":150,"resource_type":8,"description":151,"cover_image_url":152,"preview_image_url":153,"author":12,"published_date":154,"last_updated_date":10,"read_time_minutes":155,"is_published":3,"display_order":33,"is_featured":83,"featured_display_order":10,"linking_mode":156,"tools":157,"categories":165,"subcategories":171,"project_types":172,"experience_levels":175},12,"when-to-add-docker-to-your-tech-stack","When to Add Docker to Your Tech Stack","The short answer is - almost always. But you should also understand what Docker actually does and why it matters for any type of tech stack.","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Fresources\u002Fcovers\u002Fwhen-to-add-docker-to-your-tech-stack-cover.webp","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Fresources\u002Fpreviews\u002Fwhen-to-add-docker-to-your-tech-stack-preview.webp","2026-05-14",6,[17],[158],{"tool_id":159,"name":160,"slug":161,"logo_url":162,"logo_bg":163,"tooltip_description":164},72,"Docker","docker","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Flogos\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker.svg","dark","Container platform for packaging applications and their dependencies into portable images that run the same on a laptop, in CI, and in production, with Docker Desktop, Compose, and Docker Hub.",[166],{"category_id":148,"name":167,"slug":168,"icon_url":169,"description":170},"DevOps & CI\u002FCD","devops-cicd","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fcategories\u002Fdevops-cicd.svg","Deployment, CI\u002FCD, containerisation.",[],[173,174],{"project_type":90,"display_name":91,"icon_url":92,"description":93},{"project_type":105,"display_name":106,"icon_url":107,"description":108},[176,177],{"experience_level":70,"display_name":71,"description":72,"icon_url":73},{"experience_level":138,"display_name":139,"description":140,"icon_url":141},{"resource_id":179,"slug":180,"title":181,"resource_type":8,"description":182,"cover_image_url":10,"preview_image_url":183,"author":12,"published_date":184,"last_updated_date":10,"read_time_minutes":44,"is_published":3,"display_order":10,"is_featured":3,"featured_display_order":33,"linking_mode":185,"tools":186,"categories":211,"subcategories":225,"project_types":226,"experience_levels":231},30,"how-to-choose-a-tech-stack-2026","How to Choose a Tech Stack in 2026","AI coding tools changed the game, but the underlying technology decisions are still yours to make. Here's how to navigate the options.","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Fresources\u002Fpreviews\u002Fhow-to-choose-a-tech-stack-2026-preview.webp","2026-07-01",[17],[187,193,199,205],{"tool_id":188,"name":189,"slug":190,"logo_url":191,"logo_bg":163,"tooltip_description":192},16,"Claude Code","claude-code","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Flogos\u002Ftools\u002Fclaude.svg","Claude Code is Anthropic's agentic coding tool that runs in your terminal and IDEs, reads your entire codebase, edits files, runs commands, and handles git workflows through natural language. It supports multi-agent orchestration, MCP integrations, and custom automation via CLAUDE.md and hooks.",{"tool_id":194,"name":195,"slug":196,"logo_url":197,"logo_bg":163,"tooltip_description":198},150,"Codex","codex","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Flogos\u002Ftools\u002Fcodex.svg","OpenAI's cloud-based AI coding agent that autonomously builds features, fixes bugs, and runs tests in isolated sandboxes — available via ChatGPT, CLI, desktop app, and IDE extensions.",{"tool_id":200,"name":201,"slug":202,"logo_url":203,"logo_bg":163,"tooltip_description":204},45,"Lovable","lovable","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Flogos\u002Ftools\u002Flovable.svg","Lovable is an AI full-stack app builder that generates React apps from prompts, with a built-in Lovable Cloud backend (database, auth, storage) built on Supabase, plus Stripe payments, GitHub sync, and code editing.",{"tool_id":206,"name":207,"slug":208,"logo_url":209,"logo_bg":163,"tooltip_description":210},46,"Replit","replit","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Flogos\u002Ftools\u002Freplit.svg","Replit is a browser-based collaborative IDE and AI app builder with an integrated Agent that can plan, write, debug, and deploy full applications from natural language. It supports 50+ programming languages, includes built-in hosting, databases, and secrets management, and is widely used for education, prototyping, and production deployments.",[212,217,223,224],{"category_id":155,"name":213,"slug":214,"icon_url":215,"description":216},"AI Builders","ai-builders","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fcategories\u002Fai-builders.svg","AI-powered full-stack app generation platforms.",{"category_id":218,"name":219,"slug":220,"icon_url":221,"description":222},7,"No-Code \u002F Low-Code","no-code-low-code","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.tekyous.dev\u002Ficons\u002Fcategories\u002Fno-code-low-code.svg","Visual builders for non-technical and semi-technical users.",{"category_id":44,"name":45,"slug":46,"icon_url":47,"description":48},{"category_id":56,"name":57,"slug":58,"icon_url":59,"description":60},[],[227,228,229,230],{"project_type":90,"display_name":91,"icon_url":92,"description":93},{"project_type":95,"display_name":96,"icon_url":97,"description":98},{"project_type":110,"display_name":111,"icon_url":112,"description":113},{"project_type":115,"display_name":116,"icon_url":117,"description":118},[232,233],{"experience_level":70,"display_name":71,"description":72,"icon_url":73},{"experience_level":138,"display_name":139,"description":140,"icon_url":141},{"resource_id":235,"slug":236,"title":237,"resource_type":80,"description":238,"cover_image_url":10,"preview_image_url":239,"author":12,"published_date":184,"last_updated_date":10,"read_time_minutes":33,"is_published":3,"display_order":10,"is_featured":83,"featured_display_order":10,"linking_mode":240,"tools":241,"categories":242,"subcategories":305,"project_types":306,"experience_levels":307},33,"tool-categories-tech-stack","Tool 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