NiceGUI

NiceGUI is an open-source Python framework for building browser-based user interfaces entirely in Python, developed by Zauberzeug. It follows a backend-first model: the UI is declared and updated from Python code, and the framework keeps a Vue and Quasar frontend in sync over WebSockets, so no JavaScript is required.

That model makes it a strong fit for robotics, IoT control panels, lab equipment, and internal tools, where a polished browser UI needs to react to live hardware state. Components cover buttons, inputs, sliders, tables, charts (ECharts, Plotly, Matplotlib), maps, markdown, and 3D scenes, plus less common controls such as virtual joysticks and live camera views.

It runs on FastAPI, so NiceGUI pages can sit alongside regular API endpoints in the same app, and it works in Jupyter notebooks, as a standalone server, as a native desktop window, or from a Docker image. Pages can be shared by all users or created per client, and the element tree is plain Python objects that can be updated from background tasks and timers.

NiceGUI is free under the MIT licence and actively developed, with frequent releases. Its community is smaller than those of Streamlit, Gradio, or Dash, so there are fewer third-party components and examples, and it is less suited to large analytical dashboards. The major version 3 release required code changes for existing apps, and the per-client WebSocket model needs care when an app serves many concurrent users.